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Al-Muddaththir 31

Ayah 31 of 56 · Meccan

وَمَا جَعَلۡنَآ أَصۡحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَٰٓئِكَةٗۖ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَا عِدَّتَهُمۡ إِلَّا فِتۡنَةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لِيَسۡتَيۡقِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَيَزۡدَادَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِيمَٰنٗا وَلَا يَرۡتَابَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَلِيَقُولَ ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ وَٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلٗاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهۡدِي مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَمَا يَعۡلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ وَمَا هِيَ إِلَّا ذِكۡرَىٰ لِلۡبَشَرِ ٣١

And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is disease [i.e., hypocrisy] and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allāh intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allāh send astray whom He wills and guide whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And it [i.e., mention of the Fire] is not but a reminder to humanity.

Translation: Saheeh International (English)

Word by word

Each word's meaning and sound

  1. وَمَاAnd notwamā
  2. جَعَلۡنَآWe have madejaʿalnā
  3. أَصۡحَٰبَkeepersaṣḥāba
  4. ٱلنَّارِ(of) the Firel-nāri
  5. إِلَّاexceptillā
  6. مَلَٰٓئِكَةٗۖAngelsmalāikatan
  7. وَمَاAnd notwamā
  8. جَعَلۡنَاWe have madejaʿalnā
  9. عِدَّتَهُمۡtheir numberʿiddatahum
  10. إِلَّاexceptillā
  11. فِتۡنَةٗ(as) a trialfit'natan
  12. لِّلَّذِينَfor those wholilladhīna
  13. كَفَرُواْdisbelieve kafarū
  14. لِيَسۡتَيۡقِنَthat may be certainliyastayqina
  15. ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
  16. أُوتُواْwere givenūtū
  17. ٱلۡكِتَٰبَthe Scripturel-kitāba
  18. وَيَزۡدَادَand may increasewayazdāda
  19. ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
  20. ءَامَنُوٓاْbelieveāmanū
  21. إِيمَٰنٗا(in) faithīmānan
  22. وَلَاand notwalā
  23. يَرۡتَابَmay doubtyartāba
  24. ٱلَّذِينَthose whoalladhīna
  25. أُوتُواْwere givenūtū
  26. ٱلۡكِتَٰبَthe Scripturel-kitāba
  27. وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَand the believerswal-mu'minūna
  28. وَلِيَقُولَand that may saywaliyaqūla
  29. ٱلَّذِينَthosealladhīna
  30. فِيinfī
  31. قُلُوبِهِمtheir heartsqulūbihim
  32. مَّرَضٞ(is) a diseasemaraḍun
  33. وَٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَand the disbelieverswal-kāfirūna
  34. مَاذَآWhatmādhā
  35. أَرَادَ(does) intendarāda
  36. ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
  37. بِهَٰذَاby thisbihādhā
  38. مَثَلٗاۚexamplemathalan
  39. كَذَٰلِكَThuskadhālika
  40. يُضِلُّdoes let go astrayyuḍillu
  41. ٱللَّهُAllahl-lahu
  42. مَنwhomman
  43. يَشَآءُHe willsyashāu
  44. وَيَهۡدِيand guideswayahdī
  45. مَنwhomman
  46. يَشَآءُۚHe willsyashāu
  47. وَمَاAnd nonewamā
  48. يَعۡلَمُknowsyaʿlamu
  49. جُنُودَ(the) hostsjunūda
  50. رَبِّكَ(of) your Lordrabbika
  51. إِلَّاexceptillā
  52. هُوَۚHimhuwa
  53. وَمَاAnd notwamā
  54. هِيَithiya
  55. إِلَّا(is) butillā
  56. ذِكۡرَىٰa reminderdhik'rā
  57. لِلۡبَشَرِto (the) human beingslil'bashari

Tafsir

I did not make the wardens of the Fire except angels, so humans do not have the power to face them. Abu Jahl was lying when he and his people claimed that they have the ability to attack them and then they will come out of the Fire. I did not make this number of theirs except to test those who reject Allah, so that the Jews who were given the Torah and the Christians who were given the Gospel will become certain when the Qur’ān that confirms what is in their scriptures is revealed, so that the faith of the believers increases when the people of the scripture agree with them and the Jews, Christians and the believers do not have any doubt, and so that those who waver in faith and those who are disbelievers say: What does Allah intend by this strange number?! Just as those who deny this number are misguided and those who accept it are guided, Allah misguides whoever He wishes to misguide and He guides whoever He wishes to guide. No one knows the forces of your Lord, because of their huge number, besides Him, may He be glorified. So let Abu Jahl who, mockingly and dismissively, said, “Does Muhammad only have nineteen aides?!” know this. The Fire is only a reminder for human beings, through which they can come to know of Allah’s greatness, may He be glorified.

Al-Mukhtasar in interpreting the Noble Quran