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Al-Baqarah 282

Ayah 282 of 286 · Medinan

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيۡنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗى فَٱكۡتُبُوهُۚ وَلۡيَكۡتُب بَّيۡنَكُمۡ كَاتِبُۢ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ وَلَا يَأۡبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكۡتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُۚ فَلۡيَكۡتُبۡ وَلۡيُمۡلِلِ ٱلَّذِي عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَلۡيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبۡخَسۡ مِنۡهُ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِي عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوۡ ضَعِيفًا أَوۡ لَا يَسۡتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلۡيُمۡلِلۡ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ وَٱسۡتَشۡهِدُواْ شَهِيدَيۡنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمۡۖ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيۡنِ فَرَجُلٞ وَٱمۡرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرۡضَوۡنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰۚ وَلَا يَأۡبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُواْۚ وَلَا تَسۡـَٔمُوٓاْ أَن تَكۡتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوۡ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ أَقۡسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقۡوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدۡنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرۡتَابُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةٗ تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيۡنَكُمۡ فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكۡتُبُوهَاۗ وَأَشۡهِدُوٓاْ إِذَا تَبَايَعۡتُمۡۚ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٞ وَلَا شَهِيدٞۚ وَإِن تَفۡعَلُواْ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقُۢ بِكُمۡۗ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ٢٨٢

O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write [it] between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allāh has taught him. So let him write and let the one who has the obligation [i.e., the debtor] dictate. And let him fear Allāh, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. But if the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses - so that if one of them [i.e., the women] errs, then the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be [too] weary to write it, whether it is small or large, for its [specified] term. That is more just in the sight of Allāh and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. For [then] there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is [grave] disobedience in you. And fear Allāh. And Allāh teaches you. And Allāh is Knowing of all things.

Translation: Saheeh International (English)

Word by word

Each word's meaning and sound

  1. يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO youyāayyuhā
  2. ٱلَّذِينَthose who(believe)alladhīna
  3. ءَامَنُوٓاْbelieveāmanū
  4. إِذَاWhenidhā
  5. تَدَايَنتُمyou contract with one anothertadāyantum
  6. بِدَيۡنٍany debtbidaynin
  7. إِلَىٰٓforilā
  8. أَجَلٖa termajalin
  9. مُّسَمّٗىfixedmusamman
  10. فَٱكۡتُبُوهُۚthen write itfa-uk'tubūhu
  11. وَلۡيَكۡتُبAnd let writewalyaktub
  12. بَّيۡنَكُمۡbetween youbaynakum
  13. كَاتِبُۢa scribekātibun
  14. بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚin justicebil-ʿadli
  15. وَلَاAnd notwalā
  16. يَأۡبَ(should) refuseyaba
  17. كَاتِبٌa scribekātibun
  18. أَنthatan
  19. يَكۡتُبَhe writesyaktuba
  20. كَمَاaskamā
  21. عَلَّمَهُ(has) taught himʿallamahu
  22. ٱللَّهُۚAllahl-lahu
  23. فَلۡيَكۡتُبۡSo let him writefalyaktub
  24. وَلۡيُمۡلِلِand let dictatewalyum'lili
  25. ٱلَّذِيthe onealladhī
  26. عَلَيۡهِon whomʿalayhi
  27. ٱلۡحَقُّ(is) the rightl-ḥaqu
  28. وَلۡيَتَّقِand let him fearwalyattaqi
  29. ٱللَّهَAllahl-laha
  30. رَبَّهُۥhis Lordrabbahu
  31. وَلَاand (let him) notwalā
  32. يَبۡخَسۡdiminishyabkhas
  33. مِنۡهُfrom itmin'hu
  34. شَيۡـٔٗاۚanythingshayan
  35. فَإِنThen iffa-in
  36. كَانَiskāna
  37. ٱلَّذِيthe onealladhī
  38. عَلَيۡهِon himʿalayhi
  39. ٱلۡحَقُّ(is) the rightl-ḥaqu
  40. سَفِيهًا(of) limited understandingsafīhan
  41. أَوۡoraw
  42. ضَعِيفًاweakḍaʿīfan
  43. أَوۡoraw
  44. لَاnotlā
  45. يَسۡتَطِيعُcapableyastaṭīʿu
  46. أَنthatan
  47. يُمِلَّ(can) dictateyumilla
  48. هُوَhehuwa
  49. فَلۡيُمۡلِلۡthen let dictatefalyum'lil
  50. وَلِيُّهُۥhis guardianwaliyyuhu
  51. بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚwith justicebil-ʿadli
  52. وَٱسۡتَشۡهِدُواْAnd call for evidencewa-is'tashhidū
  53. شَهِيدَيۡنِtwo witnessesshahīdayni
  54. مِنamongmin
  55. رِّجَالِكُمۡۖyour menrijālikum
  56. فَإِنAnd iffa-in
  57. لَّمۡnotlam
  58. يَكُونَاthere areyakūnā
  59. رَجُلَيۡنِtwo menrajulayni
  60. فَرَجُلٞthen one manfarajulun
  61. وَٱمۡرَأَتَانِand two womenwa-im'ra-atāni
  62. مِمَّنof whommimman
  63. تَرۡضَوۡنَyou agreetarḍawna
  64. مِنَofmina
  65. ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ[the] witnessesl-shuhadāi
  66. أَن(so) that (if)an
  67. تَضِلَّ[she] errstaḍilla
  68. إِحۡدَىٰهُمَاone of the twoiḥ'dāhumā
  69. فَتُذَكِّرَthen will remindfatudhakkira
  70. إِحۡدَىٰهُمَاone of the twoiḥ'dāhumā
  71. ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰۚthe otherl-ukh'rā
  72. وَلَاAnd notwalā
  73. يَأۡبَ(should) refuseyaba
  74. ٱلشُّهَدَآءُthe witnessesl-shuhadāu
  75. إِذَاwhenidhā
  76. مَاthatmā
  77. دُعُواْۚthey are calledduʿū
  78. وَلَاAnd notwalā
  79. تَسۡـَٔمُوٓاْ(be) wearytasamū
  80. أَنthatan
  81. تَكۡتُبُوهُyou write it taktubūhu
  82. صَغِيرًاsmallṣaghīran
  83. أَوۡoraw
  84. كَبِيرًاlargekabīran
  85. إِلَىٰٓforilā
  86. أَجَلِهِۦۚits termajalihi
  87. ذَٰلِكُمۡThatdhālikum
  88. أَقۡسَطُ(is) more justaqsaṭu
  89. عِندَnearʿinda
  90. ٱللَّهِAllahl-lahi
  91. وَأَقۡوَمُand more uprightwa-aqwamu
  92. لِلشَّهَٰدَةِfor evidencelilshahādati
  93. وَأَدۡنَىٰٓand nearerwa-adnā
  94. أَلَّاthat notallā
  95. تَرۡتَابُوٓاْyou (have) doubttartābū
  96. إِلَّآexceptillā
  97. أَنthatan
  98. تَكُونَbetakūna
  99. تِجَٰرَةًa transactiontijāratan
  100. حَاضِرَةٗpresentḥāḍiratan
  101. تُدِيرُونَهَاyou carry outtudīrūnahā
  102. بَيۡنَكُمۡamong youbaynakum
  103. فَلَيۡسَthen notfalaysa
  104. عَلَيۡكُمۡon youʿalaykum
  105. جُنَاحٌany sinjunāḥun
  106. أَلَّاthat notallā
  107. تَكۡتُبُوهَاۗyou write ittaktubūhā
  108. وَأَشۡهِدُوٓاْAnd take witnesswa-ashhidū
  109. إِذَاwhenidhā
  110. تَبَايَعۡتُمۡۚyou make commercial transactiontabāyaʿtum
  111. وَلَاAnd notwalā
  112. يُضَآرَّ(should) be harmedyuḍārra
  113. كَاتِبٞ(the) scribekātibun
  114. وَلَاand notwalā
  115. شَهِيدٞۚ(the) witnessshahīdun
  116. وَإِنand ifwa-in
  117. تَفۡعَلُواْyou dotafʿalū
  118. فَإِنَّهُۥthen indeed itfa-innahu
  119. فُسُوقُۢ(is) sinful conductfusūqun
  120. بِكُمۡۗfor youbikum
  121. وَٱتَّقُواْand fearwa-ittaqū
  122. ٱللَّهَۖAllahl-laha
  123. وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُAnd teacheswayuʿallimukumu
  124. ٱللَّهُۗAllahl-lahu
  125. وَٱللَّهُAnd Allahwal-lahu
  126. بِكُلِّof everybikulli
  127. شَيۡءٍthingshayin
  128. عَلِيمٞ(is) All-Knowerʿalīmun

Tafsir

O you who have faith in Allah and follow His Messenger, when you enter a transaction that involves a debt – such as when you give a loan to one another for a fixed period –then write it down. The person who is able to write should write it down fairly and in accordance with the sacred law, and should not refuse to write down the debt in accordance with what Allah has taught him about writing justly. He should write what is dictated by the person against whom the right is so that it serves as an acknowledgement from him. He should be mindful of Allah and not reduce anything from the value or description of the debt. If the debtor is not experienced in undertaking transactions, young, insane or is not able to dictate due to being mute or for some other reason, then his authoritative guardian should dictate with fairness. Also, call two sane and upright men as witnesses. If two men are not found, then call one man and two women whose religion and honesty you are satisfied with, so that if one of the women forgets, the other can remind her. The witness should not refuse to be a witness to a debt and must testify if required. Do not be lazy to write down the debt, no matter how small the amount, as this is more just in Allah’s law, more reliable as evidence and more likely to remove any doubt in the type, amount or period of the debt. However, if the transaction is for an item that is present in exchange for a spot price there is no harm in not writing down, since there is no need to do so. Calling witnesses is legislated so that disputes do not arise. It is unlawful to cause any harm to the witnesses or the ones who write; nor may they cause any harm to those who request them to write or stand witness. If anyone causes harm, he is going against Allah’s sacred law. O people of faith, be mindful of Allah by fulfilling His instructions and avoiding His prohibitions. Allah will teach you what is best for you in this world and the Afterlife. Allah knows everything and nothing is hidden from Him.

Al-Mukhtasar in interpreting the Noble Quran